Plantar fasciitis is a condition when the strong band of tissue that supports the arch is excessively stretched, becomes irritated and inflamed. This can cause arch and heel pain.
Plantar Fascia is a long thin ligament that connects the heel to the front of your foot. Lying directly beneath the skin the plantar fascia helps to support the arch of your foot.
Symptoms
Pain in the arch and heel areas
Increase pain after a period of rest such as sleeping overnight
Pain with first few steps out of bed or sitting for a long time which subsides after walking
Stiffness
More pain after exercise than during
Causes
Structural problem of the foot or Flat Feet
Pressure put on the fascia causing tearing or damage to the tissues causing heel pain
Risk Factors
Tight Calf muscles
Obesity
High Arches
Repetitive activities such as running/sports
Increase of activity or new activity
If the strain on the arch continues over a period of time and left untreated, a bony protrusion may develop. This is called a Heel Spur and it is important to have it treated.
Diagnosis
Exam will be done by your doctor
Medical History will be asked
X-rays may be obtained to rule out any bony abnormality or fractures
MRI and ultrasound are rarely used but are not ruled out.
Treatment
Non-Surgical Plantar Fasciitis Treatment
Surgical
Gastrocnemius recession
Plantar fascia release
Prevention
Footwear - Women should avoid high-heeled shoes. Both men and women should select footwear that has a reasonable heel with soft leather uppers, shock absorbing soles, and removable foot insoles.
Stretching exercises for the calf muscles and the arch may be needed. Remember to continue with stretching exercises long after the symptoms are gone. Activity levels and the types of activities (both work- and sports-related) may need to be modified to aid in recovery.
