What Is Tennis Elbow?

Tennis Elbow: Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, and FAQs

Tennis elbow (lateral epicondylitis) is a common condition caused by overuse or repetitive motions of the wrist and forearm, leading to pain and inflammation in the tendons and muscles around the elbow. While often associated with tennis, it can affect anyone involved in repetitive activities, such as painters, carpenters, and other professionals.

Symptoms of Tennis Elbow

Key symptoms include:

• Pain or burning sensation on the outer elbow, radiating into the forearm and wrist

• Weakness in the elbow, forearm, or wrist

• Difficulty with everyday tasks like shaking hands, holding objects, or turning doorknobs

• Elbow stiffness and aching, especially after rest

What Causes Tennis Elbow?

Tennis elbow is primarily caused by repetitive movements that strain the muscles and tendons attached to the outer elbow. Common risk factors include:

• Repetitive motion: Engaging in activities that apply force to the elbow, such as gripping or twisting.

• Age: Most common in individuals aged 30 to 50.

• Occupation and sports: Jobs or sports involving frequent arm and wrist movements increase risk.

• Poor technique or equipment: Improper form in sports like tennis or using the wrong equipment can exacerbate strain.

How Is Tennis Elbow Diagnosed?

A doctor will typically conduct a physical exam, asking about your activities and testing your elbow's range of motion and strength. In some cases, X-rays or MRIs may be used to rule out other conditions with similar symptoms.

Treatment Options for Tennis Elbow

Over 90% of patients recover with non-surgical treatments, which can include:

• Rest: Taking breaks from aggravating activities is essential for healing.

• Ice: Applying ice packs to reduce inflammation.

• Technique modifications: Proper body mechanics can reduce stress on the elbow.

• Exercises: Strengthening the muscles around the elbow through physical therapy.

• Braces: Wearing a brace can help reduce strain and support healing.

• Pain relievers: Over-the-counter anti-inflammatory medications help manage pain and inflammation.

• Cortisone injections: These may be recommended for severe pain.

Non-Surgical Treatment Duration and Approach

Non-surgical treatments are often effective and should be pursued for up to 6 months. Doctors at Rothman Orthopaedics prioritize non-invasive therapies to help patients recover without interrupting their lifestyle. Treatment options are customized based on symptoms, the extent of the injury, and individual preferences.

Surgical Options for Tennis Elbow

If non-surgical treatments fail after an extended period, surgery may be considered. Two types of surgery are available:

• Open surgery: Involves making an incision to remove damaged tissue and repair tendons.

• Arthroscopic surgery: A less invasive option using small incisions and a camera to guide the repair.

The goal of surgery is to restore full strength, range of motion, and function. Recovery time varies, but most patients can resume athletic activities in 4 to 6 months. Post-surgery rehabilitation involves exercises to improve flexibility and strength.

Risk Factors for Surgery

Factors considered when deciding on surgery include:

• Severity of the condition

• Failure of non-surgical treatments

• Overall health and recovery potential

• Lifestyle and activity preferences

• Risks associated with surgery

Consulting Experts at Rothman Orthopaedics

At Rothman Orthopaedics, specialists in the Shoulder and Elbow, Sports Medicine, and Hand teams provide a comprehensive approach to treating tennis elbow. These experts utilize advanced techniques and equipment to ensure effective treatment, whether opting for non-surgical or surgical options. For more information or to schedule an appointment, contact us at 1-800-321-9999.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About Tennis Elbow

1. What is tennis elbow? Tennis elbow, or lateral epicondylitis, is an overuse injury where the tendons on the outside of the elbow become inflamed due to repetitive strain. While common in athletes, it can also affect anyone who performs repetitive tasks using their forearms and wrists.

2. Can you get tennis elbow without playing tennis? Yes! Despite its name, tennis elbow can affect anyone who engages in repetitive activities that strain the elbow, including occupations like painting, carpentry, and jobs that require frequent arm movements.

3. What are the symptoms of tennis elbow? Common symptoms include pain on the outer elbow, pain that radiates down the forearm and wrist, weakness in the arm, and difficulty gripping or performing simple tasks like shaking hands.

4. How is tennis elbow diagnosed? A doctor diagnoses tennis elbow through a physical examination, discussing your activities and performing tests to assess elbow strength and flexibility. Imaging tests like X-rays or MRIs may be used if necessary to rule out other conditions.

5. What are the treatment options for tennis elbow? Most patients recover with non-surgical treatments, including rest, ice, exercise, and over-the-counter pain relievers. Braces and physical therapy may also help. If conservative treatments don't work, surgery may be considered.

6. How long does it take to recover from tennis elbow? Recovery time can vary. With non-surgical treatments, most patients improve within 6 months. After surgery, full recovery may take 4 to 6 months, depending on the type of surgery and individual factors.

7. When should I consider surgery for tennis elbow? Surgery is usually considered after 6 to 12 months of conservative treatment if symptoms do not improve. The decision depends on the severity of the injury and the patient's overall health and recovery goals.

8. What are the surgical options for tennis elbow? Surgical treatments for tennis elbow include open surgery (for tendon repair and removal of damaged tissue) and arthroscopic surgery (a minimally invasive approach). Both aim to restore strength, range of motion, and function in the elbow.

9. What should I expect after tennis elbow surgery? After surgery, you may need to immobilize the elbow temporarily. Rehabilitation, including physical therapy, is crucial for restoring flexibility, strength, and function. Most patients return to normal activities within 4 to 6 months.

10. Can tennis elbow be prevented? Yes, proper technique in sports, avoiding repetitive strain, using appropriate equipment, and strengthening the muscles around the elbow can help prevent tennis elbow.

If you have additional questions or need personalized care, please don't hesitate to contact Rothman Orthopaedics at 1-800-321-9999.